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Duality in refined Watanabe-Sobolev spaces and weak - GUP

Haraux [3, Corollary 16, page 139] derived one Gronwall-like in-equality and used it to prove the existence of solutions of wave equations with logarithmic nonlinearities. analogues of Gronwall – Bellman inequality [3] or its variants. In recent years there have several linear and nonlinear discrete generalization of this useful inequality for instance see [1, 2, 4, 5].The aim of this paper is to establish some useful discrete inequalities which claim the following as their origin. INEQUALITIES. OF GRONWALL.

Then we have y(a) = 0 and y0 (t) = χ(t)x(t) ≤ χ(t)Ψ(t)+χ(t) Z b Thus inequality (8) holds for n = m. By mathematical induction, inequality (8) holds for every n ≥ 0. Proof of the Discrete Gronwall Lemma. Use the inequality 1+gj ≤ exp(gj) in the previous theorem.

## Ordinary Differential Equations II, 5.0 c , Studentportalen

Corollary 1. [5] CHAPTER 0 - ON THE GRONWALL LEMMA There are many variants of the Gronwall lemma which simplest formulation tells us that any given function u: [0;T) !R, T 2(0;1], of class C1 satisfying the di erential inequality (0.1) u0 au on (0;T); for a2R, also satis es the pointwise estimate (0.2) u(t) eatu(0) on [0;T): More precisely we have the following theorem, which is often called Bellman-Gronwall inequality. (4) ϕ ( t) ≤ B ( t) + ∫ 0 t C ( τ) ϕ ( τ) d τ for all t ∈ [ 0, T]. (5) ϕ ( t) ≤ B ( t) + ∫ 0 t B ( s) C ( s) e x p ( ∫ s t C ( τ) d τ) d s for all t ∈ [ 0, T]. Note that, when B ( t) is constant, (5) coincides with (3). 4 CHAPTER 1.

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This version seems unavailable in the existing literature, and the proof does not mimic those of continuous parameter versions. Lemma. Grönwall's inequality is an important tool to obtain various estimates in the theory of ordinary and stochastic differential equations.

Another discrete Gronwall lemma Here is another form of Gronwall’s lemma that is sometimes invoked in diﬀerential equa-tions [2, pp. 48 2013-11-30 Gronwall™s Inequality We begin with the observation that y(t) solves the initial value problem dy dt = f(y(t);t) y(t 0) = y 0 if and only if y(t) also solves the integral equation y(t) = y 0 + Z t t 0 f (y(s);s)ds This observation is the basis for the following result which is known as Gron-wall™s inequality. \begin{align} \quad R'(t) - kR(t) \leq R'(t) - kr(t) = \frac{d}{dt} \left ( \delta + \int_a^t kr(s) \: ds \right ) - kr(t) = kr(t) - kr(t) = 0 \end{align} For , we have By Gronwall inequality, we have the inequality . We prove that ( 10 ) holds for now. Given that and for , we get Define a function , ; then , , is positive and nondecreasing for , and As that in the proof of Lemma 2 , we obtain And then By the arbitrary of , we obtain the inequality ( 10 ).

If α 0andN 1/2, then Theorem 2.3 reduces to Theorem 2.2. Remark 2.5. If we multiply inequality 2.16 by another exponential function on time scales, for example, e 2α t,t 0, we could get another kind of inequality, which is a special case of Theorem 3.4. 3.

The proof is by reducing the vector integral inequality  Finally, through generalized Gronwall inequality, we prove the continuous Gronwall inequality by means of fractional integral with respect to another ψ func- .
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Proof of the Discrete Gronwall Lemma. Use the inequality 1+gj ≤ exp(gj) in the previous theorem.

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Lemma 1. a Let y2AC([0;T];R +); B2C([0;T];R) with y0(t) B(t)A(t) for almost every t2[0;T]. Then y(t) y(0) exp Z t 0 One of the most important inequalities in the theory of differential equations is known as the Gronwall inequality. It was published in 1919 in the work by Gronwall [14]. \begin{align} \quad R'(t) - kR(t) \leq R'(t) - kr(t) = \frac{d}{dt} \left ( \delta + \int_a^t kr(s) \: ds \right ) - kr(t) = kr(t) - kr(t) = 0 \end{align} 2007-04-15 Grönwall's inequality is an important tool to obtain various estimates in the theory of ordinary and stochastic differential equations. In particular, it provides a comparison theorem that can be used to prove uniqueness of a solution to the initial value problem; see the Picard–Lindelöf theorem. 2013-11-30 Thus inequality (8) holds for n = m.